Does Periodontal Disease Affect Pregnancy? Here is What You Need to Know

Researchers have shown a compelling link between gum disease and pregnancy complications, such as preterm births. Are you expectant and want to optimize your oral health during this exciting time? Schedule an appointment with Kelli Brady DDS, for optimal periodontal health.

Does gum disease affect pregnancy?

Like diabetes, there is a bidirectional relationship between periodontal disease and pregnancy. Understanding this link is vital to ensure optimal health for the mother and her unborn baby.

How periodontal disease affects pregnancy:

  • Prostaglandin: Periodontal disease increases the levels of prostaglandin, a labor-inducing compound found in one of the bacterial strains responsible for gum disease. High levels of prostaglandin can result in premature birth or delivering a baby with low birth weight.
  • Widespread bacterial infections: Unwanted bacteria in the mouth can enter the bloodstream, leaving a trail of damage in the body. For pregnant women, this can affect the placenta, increasing the risk of preterm labor.
  • C-reactive protein (CRP): This protein has been previously linked with heart disease, but recent research has linked it to preeclampsia and premature birth. Uncontrolled oral bacteria may enter the bloodstream, leading to the production of C-reactive protein by the liver, which causes arterial inflammation. This inflammation can lead to complications in the heart and during pregnancy.
  • Gestational diabetes: There is evidence suggesting pregnant women with healthy gums are less likely to develop gestational diabetes than pregnant women with periodontal disease. Inflammation from gum disease can worsen insulin resistance, increasing the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.

The link between pregnancy and periodontal disease

  • Hormonal changes: During pregnancy, your body undergoes numerous physical and physiological changes. Hormonal fluctuations in pregnant women can suppress their immunity, increasing their susceptibility to gum disease. Similarly, gum disease may exacerbate hormonal changes, creating a cycle of hormonal imbalances and inflammation.
  • Overlooking oral hygiene: Morning sickness can make routine oral hygiene practices like brushing and flossing unpleasant, leading some women to skip this dental care. Similarly, the primary focus during pregnancy often shifts to the baby's health and development, and the mother can easily overlook their health. Poor oral hygiene, alongside a craving for sugary snacks, can increase the risk of maternal periodontal disease.

Protect your oral and maternal health today

Contact Kelli Brady DDS in Norwood, NJ, at (201) 806-6866 or in New York, NY at (646) 692-0227 for a comprehensive dental evaluation. Dr. Kelli Brady will develop a personalized treatment plan to meet your unique needs.